Changing lenses outside can feel like a risky endeavor. After all, during the swap, your camera's interior will be exposed to the elements, potentially allowing dust, dirt or moisture to land on your sensor. Those resulting spots can be a pain to edit out, extending your editing time. It may also require a sensor cleaning session. While it may be tempting to avoid it altogether, sometimes you need a different lens, and there's no getting around the swap.

Sensor spots are unavoidable, but some simple habits can help keep your sensor as clean as possible when changing lenses. Whether you’re photographing on a rainy trail, a dusty park or a city street, the key is preparation and quick, careful action. Below, you'll find tips on changing your lenses safely, even in the great outdoors.

How to change lenses outside

Keeping the lens mount pointed down will help prevent debris from getting into your camera.

First and foremost, no matter where you are changing lenses, ensure your camera is off before starting. When active, the sensor can have an electric charge, which can attract dust. Plus, some mirrorless cameras have a shutter that protects the sensor when it's turned off; you won't be taking advantage of that feature with the camera on. DSLRs offer some protection by default with the mirror, but it's still a good idea to have the camera off. Then, it's time for some preparation so the swap can be as fast as possible.

Start by preparing the lens you want to put on. Loosen the rear lens cap, but leave it covering the lens. You don't want to expose the rear element to dust or moisture, as it can transfer inside your camera and onto your sensor. Keep it easily accessible so you aren't fumbling for it when it's time to make the change. It could be sitting upright in your open camera bag, on a picnic table or a sidewalk, just so long as it's in a safe location.

Get the lens you are switching to ready by loosening the rear lens cap and having it easily accessible.

With the spare lens ready, turn the camera so the lens mount and sensor are pointing down. That way, you are using gravity to your advantage and preventing anything from falling onto the sensor. Release the lens currently on your camera and attach the other lens as quickly as possible. Finally, put the rear lens cap on the lens you removed to keep it clean.

Other considerations when changing lenses outside

While the general process of changing lenses isn't different if you're outside or inside, there are some additional considerations when outside. If it's windy out, you'll want to find a place that's somewhat protected from the wind. You could try to find a building to stand against, or even a large tree or rock. If nothing else, put your back to the wind and use your body as a shield.

The same technique applies if it's raining, though the risks are significantly higher. Only change lenses in wet environments if there's no dry place you can get to and it's absolutely unavoidable. An umbrella, poncho or rain jacket can help keep things dry while you swap lenses, but only when you have no other option.

Certain locations and environments are riskier than others, of course. Sand is extremely harsh on cameras, so it's best to limit lens changes at the beach or in other sandy locations. In such places, try to choose a versatile lens so that you don't need to swap. That's not to say you can't change lenses there; you'll just need to be extra careful, and it's best to avoid it when possible.